Hávamál

Within the gates

ere a man shall go,

(Full warily let him watch,)

Full long let him look about him;

For little he knows

where a foe may lurk,

And sit in the seats within.

Hail to the giver!

a guest has come;

Where shall the stranger sit?

Swift shall he be who,

with swords shall try

The proof of his might to make.

Fire he needs

who with frozen knees

Has come from the cold without;

Food and clothes

must the farer have,

The man from the mountains come.

Water and towels

and welcoming speech

Should he find who comes, to the feast;

If renown he would get,

and again be greeted,

Wisely and well must he act.

Wits must he have

who wanders wide,

But all is easy at home;

At the witless man

the wise shall wink

When among such men he sits.

A man shall not boast

of his keenness of mind,

But keep it close in his breast;

To the silent and wise

does ill come seldom

When he goes as guest to a house;

(For a faster friend

one never finds

Than wisdom tried and true.)

The knowing guest

who goes to the feast,

In silent attention sits;

With his ears he hears,

with his eyes he watches,

Thus wary are wise men all.

Happy the one

who wins for himself

Favor and praises fair;

Less safe by far

is the wisdom found

That is hid in another's heart.

Happy the man

who has while he lives

Wisdom and praise as well,

For evil counsel

a man full oft

Has from another's heart.

A better burden

may no man bear

For wanderings wide than wisdom;

It is better than wealth

on unknown ways,

And in grief a refuge it gives.

A better burden

may no man bear

For wanderings wide than wisdom;

Worse food for the journey

he brings not afield

Than an over-drinking of ale.

Less good there lies

than most believe

In ale for mortal men;

For the more he drinks

the less does man

Of his mind the mastery hold.

Over beer the bird

of forgetfulness broods,

And steals the minds of men;

With the heron's feathers

fettered I lay

And in Gunnloth's house was held.

Drunk I was,

I was dead-drunk,

When with Fjalar wise I was;

'Tis the best of drinking

if back one brings

His wisdom with him home.

The son of a king

shall be silent and wise,

And bold in battle as well;

Bravely and gladly

a man shall go,

Till the day of his death is come.

The sluggard believes

he shall live forever,

If the fight he faces not;

But age shall not grant him

the gift of peace,

Though spears may spare his life.

The fool is agape

when he comes to the feast,

He stammers or else is still;

But soon if he gets

a drink is it seen

What the mind of the man is like.

He alone is aware

who has wandered wide,

And far abroad has fared,

How great a mind

is guided by him

That wealth of wisdom has.

Shun not the mead,

but drink in measure;

Speak to the point or be still;

For rudeness none

shall rightly blame thee

If soon thy bed thou seekest.

The greedy man,

if his mind be vague,

Will eat till sick he is;

The vulgar man,

when among the wise,

To scorn by his belly is brought.

The herds know well

when home they shall fare,

And then from the grass they go;

But the foolish man

his belly's measure

Shall never know aright.

A paltry man

and poor of mind

At all things ever mocks;

For never he knows,

what he ought to know,

That he is not free from faults.

The witless man

is awake all night,

Thinking of many things;

Care-worn he is

when the morning comes,

And his woe is just as it was.

The foolish man

for friends all those

Who laugh at him will hold;

When among the wise

he marks it not

Though hatred of him they speak.

The foolish man

for friends all those

Who laugh at him will hold;

But the truth when he comes

to the council he learns,

That few in his favor will speak.

An ignorant man

thinks that all he knows,

When he sits by himself in a corner;

But never what answer

to make he knows,

When others with questions come.

A witless man,

when he meets with men,

Had best in silence abide;

For no one shall find

that nothing he knows,

If his mouth is not open too much.

(But a man knows not,

if nothing he knows,

When his mouth has been open too much.)

Wise shall he seem

who well can question,

And also answer well;

Nought is concealed

that men may say

Among the sons of men.

Often he speaks

who never is still

With words that win no faith;

The babbling tongue,

if a bridle it find not,

Oft for itself sings ill.

In mockery no onea man shall hold,

Although he fare to the feast;

Wise seems one oft,if nought he is asked,

And safely he sits dry-skinned.

Wise a guest holds it

to take to his heels,

When mock of another he makes;

But little he knows

who laughs at the feast,

Though he mocks in the midst of his foes.

Friendly of mind

are many men,

Till feasting they mock at their friends;

To mankind a bane

must it ever be

When guests together strive.

Oft should one make

an early meal,

Nor fasting come to the feast;

Else he sits and chews

as if he would choke,

And little is able to ask.

Crooked and far

is the road to a foe,

Though his house on the highway be;

But wide and straight

is the way to a friend,

Though far away he fare.

Forth shall one go,

nor stay as a guest

In a single spot forever;

Love becomes loathing

if long one sits

By the hearth in another's home.

Better a house,

though a hut it be,

A man is master at home;

A pair of goats

and a patched-up roof

Are better far than begging.

Better a house,

though a hut it be,

A man is master at home;

His heart is bleeding

who needs must beg

When food he fain would have.

Away from his arms

in the open field

A man should fare not a foot;

For never he knows

when the need for a spear

Shall arise on the distant road.

If wealth a man

has won for himself,

Let him never suffer in need;

Oft he saves for a foe

what he plans for a friend,

For much goes worse than we wish.

None so free with gifts

or food have I found

That gladly he took not a gift,

Nor one who so widely

scattered his wealth

That of recompense hatred he had.

Friends shall gladden each other

with arms and garments,

As each for himself can see;

Gift-givers' friendships

are longest found,

If fair their fates may be.

To his friend a man

a friend shall prove,

And gifts with gifts requite;

But men shall mocking

with mockery answer,

And fraud with falsehood meet.

To his friend a man

a friend shall prove,

To him and the friend of his friend;

But never a man

shall friendship make

With one of his foeman's friends.

If a friend thou hast

whom thou fully wilt trust,

And good from him wouldst get,

Thy thoughts with his mingle,

and gifts shalt thou make,

And fare to find him oft.

If another thou hast

whom thou hardly wilt trust,

Yet good from him wouldst get,

Thou shalt speak him fair,

but falsely think,

And fraud with falsehood requite.

So is it with him

whom thou hardly wilt trust,

And whose mind thou mayst not know;

Laugh with him mayst thou,

but speak not thy mind,

Like gifts to his shalt thou give.

Young was I once,

and wandered alone,

And nought of the road I knew;

Rich did I feel

when a comrade I found,

For man is man's delight.

The lives of the brave

and noble are best,

Sorrows they seldom feed;

But the coward fear

of all things feels,

And not gladly the niggard gives.

My garments once

in a field I gave

To a pair of carven poles;

Heroes they seemed

when clothes they had,

But the naked man is nought.

On the hillside drear

the fir-tree dies,

All bootless its needles and bark;

It is like a man

whom no one loves,--

Why should his life be long?

Hotter than fire

between false friends

Does friendship five days burn;

When the sixth day comes

the fire cools,

And ended is all the love.

No great thing needs

a man to give,

Oft little will purchase praise;

With half a loaf

and a half-filled cup

A friend full fast I made.

A little sand

has a little sea,

And small are the minds of men;

Though all men are not

equal in wisdom,

Yet half-wise only are all.

A measure of wisdom

each man shall have,

But never too much let him know;

The fairest lives

do those men live

Whose wisdom wide has grown.

A measure of wisdom

each man shall have,

But never too much let him know;

For the wise man's heart

is seldom happy,

If wisdom too great he has won.

A measure of wisdom

each man shall have,

But never too much let him know;

Let no man the fate

before him see,

For so is he freest from sorrow.

A brand from a brand

is kindled and burned,

And fire from fire begotten;

And man by his speech

is known to men,

And the stupid by their stillness.

He must early go forth

who fain the blood

Or the goods of another would get;

The wolf that lies idle

shall win little meat,

Or the sleeping man success.

He must early go forth

whose workers are few,

Himself his work to seek;

Much remains undone

for the morning-sleeper,

For the swift is wealth half won.

Of seasoned shingles

and strips of bark

For the thatch let one know his need,

And how much of wood

he must have for a month,

Or in half a year he will use.

Washed and fed

to the council fare,

But care not too much for thy clothes;

Let none be ashamed

of his shoes and hose,

Less still of the steed he rides,

(Though poor be the horse he has.)

When the eagle comes

to the ancient sea,

He snaps and hangs his head;

So is a man

in the midst of a throng,

Who few to speak for him finds.

To question and answer

must all be ready

Who wish to be known as wise;

Tell one thy thoughts,

but beware of two,--

All know what is known to three.

The man who is prudent

a measured use

Of the might he has will make;

He finds when among

the brave he fares

That the boldest he may not be.

*********

Oft for the words

that to others one speaks

He will get but an evil gift.

Too early to many

a meeting I came,

And some too late have I sought;

The beer was all drunk,

or not yet brewed;

Little the loathed man finds.

To their homes men would bid

me hither and yon,

If at meal-time I needed no meat,

Or would hang two hams

in my true friend's house,

Where only one I had eaten.

Fire for men

is the fairest gift,

And power to see the sun;

Health as well,

if a man may have it,

And a life not stained with sin.

All wretched is no man,

though never so sick;

Some from their sons have joy,

Some win it from kinsmen,

and some from their wealth,

And some from worthy works.

It is better to live

than to lie a corpse,

The live man catches the cow;

I saw flames rise

for the rich man's pyre,

And before his door he lay dead.

The lame rides a horse,

the handless is herdsman,

The deaf in battle is bold;

The blind man is better

than one that is burned,

No good can come of a corpse.

A son is better,

though late he be born,

And his father to death have fared;

Memory-stones

seldom stand by the road

Save when kinsman honors his kin.

Two make a battle,

the tongue slays the head;

In each furry coat

a fist I look for.

He welcomes the night

whose fare is enough,

(Short are the yards of a ship,)

Uneasy are autumn nights;

Full oft does the weather

change in a week,

And more in a month's time.

A man knows not,

if nothing he knows,

That gold oft apes begets;

One man is wealthy

and one is poor,

Yet scorn for him none should know.

Among Fitjung's sons saw I well-stocked folds,–

Now bear they the beggar's staff;

Wealth is as swift as a winking eye,

Of friends the falsest it is.

Cattle die, and kinsmen die,

And so one dies one's self;

But a noble name will never die,

If good renown one gets.

Cattle die, and kinsmen die,

And so one dies one's self;

One thing now that never dies,

The fame of a dead man's deeds.

Certain is that which is sought from runes,

That the gods so great have made,

And the Master-Poet painted;

*********

the race of gods:

Silence is safest and best.

An unwise man, if a maiden's love

Or wealth he chances to win,

His pride will wax, but his wisdom never,

Straight forward he fares in conceit.

Give praise to the day at evening,

to a woman on her pyre,

To a weapon which is tried,

to a maid at wed lock,

To ice when it is crossed,

to ale that is drunk.

When the gale blows hew wood,

in fair winds seek the water;

Sport with maidens at dusk,

for day's eyes are many;

From the ship seek swiftness,

from the shield protection,

Cuts from the sword,

from the maiden kisses.

By the fire drink ale,

over ice go on skates;

Buy a steed that is lean,

and a sword when tarnished,

The horse at home fatten,

the hound in thy dwelling.

A man shall trust not

the oath of a maid,

Nor the word a woman speaks;

For their hearts on a whirling

wheel were fashioned,

And fickle their breasts were formed.

In a breaking bow

or a burning flame,

A ravening wolf

or a croaking raven,

In a grunting boar,

a tree with roots broken,

In billowy seas

or a bubbling kettle.

In a flying arrow

or falling waters,

In ice new formed

or the serpent's folds,

In a bride's bed-speech

or a broken sword,

In the sport of bears

or in sons of kings,

n a calf that is sick

or a stubborn thrall,

A flattering witch

or a foe new slain.

In a brother's slayer,

if thou meet him abroad,

In a half-burned house,

in a horse full swift--

One leg is hurt

and the horse is useless--

None had ever such faith

as to trust in them all.

Hope not too surely

for early harvest,

Nor trust too soon in thy son;

The field needs good weather,

the son needs wisdom,

And oft is either denied.

The love of women

fickle of will

Is like starting o'er ice

with a steed unshod,

A two-year-old restive

and little tamed,

Or steering a rudderless

ship in a storm,

Or, lame, hunting reindeer

on slippery rocks.

Clear now will I speak,

for I know them both,

Men false to women are found;

When fairest we speak,

then falsest we think,

Against wisdom we work with deceit.

Soft words shall he speak

and wealth shall he offer

Who longs for a maiden's love,

And the beauty praise

of the maiden bright;

He wins whose wooing is best.

Fault for loving

let no man find

Ever with any other;

Oft the wise are fettered,

where fools go free,

By beauty that breeds desire.

Fault with another

let no man find

For what touches many a man;

Wise men oft

into witless fools

Are made by mighty love.

The head alone knows

what dwells near the heart,

A man knows his mind alone;

No sickness is worse

to one who is wise

Than to lack the longed-for joy.

This found I myself,

when I sat in the reeds,

And long my love awaited;

As my life the maiden

wise I loved,

Yet her I never had.

Billing's daughter

I found on her bed,

In slumber bright as the sun;

Empty appeared

an earl's estate

Without that form so fair.

Othin, again

at evening come,

If a woman thou wouldst win;

Evil it were

if others than we

Should know of such a sin.

Away I hastened,

hoping for joy,

And careless of counsel wise;

Well I believed

that soon I should win

Measureless joy with the maid.

So came I next

when night it was,

The warriors all were awake;

With burning lights

and waving brands

I learned my luckess way.

At morning then,

when once more I came,

And all were sleeping still,

A dog found

in the fair one's place,

Bound there upon her bed.

Many fair maids,

if a man but tries them,

False to a lover are found;

That did I learn

when I longed to gain

With wiles the maiden wise;

Foul scorn was my meed

from the crafty maid,

And nought from the woman I won.

Though glad at home,

and merry with guests,

A man shall be wary and wise;

The sage and shrewd,

wide wisdom seeking,

Must see that his speech be fair;

A fool is he named

who nought can say,

For such is the way of the witless.

I found the old giant,

now back have I fared,

Small gain from silence I got;

Full many a word,

my will to get,

I spoke in Suttung's hall.

The mouth of Rati

made room for my passage,

And space in the stone he gnawed;

Above and below

the giants' paths lay,

So rashly I risked my head.

Gunnloth gave

on a golden stool

A drink of the marvelous mead;

A harsh reward

did I let her have

For her heroic heart,

And her spirit troubled sore.

The well-earned beauty

well I enjoyed,

Little the wise man lacks;

So Othrörir now

has up been brought

To the midst of the men of earth.

Hardly, methinks,

would I home have come,

And left the giants' land,

Had not Gunnloth helped me,

the maiden good,

Whose arms about me had been.

The day that followed,

the frost-giants came,

Some word of Hor to win,

(And into the hall of Hor;)

Of Bolverk they asked,

were he back midst the gods,

Or had Suttung slain him there?

On his ring swore Othin

the oath, methinks;

Who now his troth shall trust?

Suttung's betrayal

he sought with drink,

And Gunnloth to grief he left.

It is time to chant

from the chanter's stool;

By the wells of Urth I was,

I saw and was silent,

I saw and thought,

And heard the speech of Hor.

(Of runes heard I words,

nor were counsels wanting,

At the hall of Hor,

In the hall of Hor;

Such was the speech I heard.)

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Rise not at night,

save if news thou seekest,

Or fain to the outhouse wouldst fare.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Beware of sleep

on a witch's bosom,

Nor let her limbs ensnare thee.

Such is her might

that thou hast no mind

For the council or meeting of men;

Meat thou hatest,

joy thou hast not,

And sadly to slumber thou farest.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Seek never to win

the wife of another,

Or long for her secret love.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

If o'er mountains or gulfs

thou fain wouldst go,

Look well to thy food for the way.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

An evil man

thou must not let

Bring aught of ill to thee;

For an evil man

will never make

Reward for a worthy thought.

I saw a man

who was wounded sore

By an evil woman's word;

A lying tongue

his death-blow launched,

And no word of truth there was.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

If a friend thou hast

whom thou fully wilt trust,

Then fare to find him oft;

For brambles grow

and waving grass

On the rarely trodden road.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

A good man find

to hold in friendship,

And give heed to his healing charms.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Be never the first

to break with thy friend

The bond that holds you both;

Care eats the heart

if thou canst not speak

To another all thy thought.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Exchange of words

with a witless ape

Thou must not ever make.

For never thou mayst

from an evil man

A good requital get;

But a good man oft

the greatest love

Through words of praise will win thee.

Mingled is love

when a man can speak

To another all his thought;

Nought is so bad

as false to be,

No friend speaks only fair.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

With a worse man speak not

three words in dispute,

Ill fares the better oft

When the worse man wields a sword.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

A shoemaker be,

or a maker of shafts,

For only thy single self;

If the shoe is ill made,

or the shaft prove false,

Then evil of thee men think.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

If evil thou knowest,

as evil proclaim it,

And make no friendship with foes.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

In evil never

joy shalt thou know,

But glad the good shall make thee.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Look not up

when the battle is on,

(Like madmen the sons

of men become,)

Lest men bewitch thy wits.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

If thou fain wouldst win

a woman's love,

And gladness get from her,

Fair be thy promise

and well fulfilled;

None loathes what good he gets.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

I bid thee be wary,

but be not fearful;

(Beware most with ale or another's wife,

And third beware

lest a thief outwit thee.)

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Scorn or mocking

ne'er shalt thou make

Of a guest or a journey-goer.

Oft scarcely he knows

who sits in the house

What kind is the man who comes;

None so good is found

that faults he has not,

Nor so wicked that nought he is worth.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Scorn not ever

the gray-haired singer,

Oft do the old speak good;

(Oft from shrivelled skin

come skillful counsels,

Though it hang with the hides,

And flap with the pelts,

And is blown with the bellies.)

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

Curse not thy guest,

nor show him thy gate,

Deal well with a man in want.

Strong is the beam

that raised must be

To give an entrance to all;

Give it a ring,

or grim will be

The wish it would work on thee.

I rede thee, Loddfafnir!

and hear thou my rede,

Profit thou hast if thou hearest,

Great thy gain if thou learnest:

When ale thou drinkest)

seek might of earth,

(For earth cures drink,

and fire cures ills,

The oak cures tightness,

the ear cures magic,

Rye cures rupture,

the moon cures rage,

Grass cures the scab,

and runes the sword-cut;)

The field absorbs the flood.

I ween that I hung

on the windy tree,

Hung there for nights full nine;

With the spear I was wounded,

and offered I was

To Othin, myself to myself,

On the tree that none

may ever know

What root beneath it runs.

None made me happy

with loaf or horn,

And there below I looked;

I took up the runes,

shrieking I took them,

And forthwith back I fell.

Nine mighty songs

I got from the son

Of Bolthorn, Bestla's father;

And a drink I got

of the goodly mead

Poured out from Othrörir.

Then began I to thrive,

and wisdom to get,

I grew and well I was;

Each word led me on

to another word,

Each deed to another deed.

Runes shalt thou find,

and fateful signs,

That the king of singers colored,

And the mighty gods have made;

Full strong the signs,

full mighty the signs

That the ruler of gods doth write.

Othin for the gods,

Dain for the elves,

And Dvalin for the dwarfs,

Alsvith for giants

and all mankind,

And some myself I wrote.

Knowest how one shall write,

knowest how one shall rede?

Knowest how one shall tint,

knowest how one makes trial?

Knowest how one shall ask,

knowest how one shall offer?

Knowest how one shall send,

knowest how one shall sacrifice?

Better no prayer

than too big an offering,

By thy getting measure thy gift;

Better is none

than too big a sacrifice,

*********

So Thund of old wrote

ere man's race began,

Where he rose on high

when home he came

The songs I know

that king's wives know not,

Nor men that are sons of men;

The first is called help,

and help it can bring thee

In sorrow and pain and sickness.

A second I know,

that men shall need

Who leechcraft long to use;

*********

*********

A third I know,

if great is my need

Of fetters to hold my foe;

Blunt do I make

mine enemy's blade,

Nor bites his sword or staff.

A fourth I know,

if men shall fasten

Bonds on my bended legs;

So great is the charm

that forth I may go,

The fetters spring from my feet,

Broken the bonds from my hands.

A fifth I know,

if I see from afar

An arrow fly 'gainst the folk;

It flies not so swift

that I stop it not,

If ever my eyes behold it.

A sixth I know,

if harm one seeks

With a sapling's roots to send me;

The hero himself

who wreaks his hate

Shall taste the ill ere I.

A seventh I know,

if I see in flames

The hall o'er my comrades' heads;

It burns not so wide

that I will not quench it,

I know that song to sing.

An eighth I know,

that is to all

Of greatest good to learn;

When hatred grows

among heroes' sons,

I soon can set it right.

A ninth I know,

if need there comes

To shelter my ship on the flood;

The wind I calm

upon the waves,

And the sea I put to sleep.

A tenth I know,

what time I see

House-riders flying on high;

So can I work

that wildly they go,

Showing their true shapes,

Hence to their own homes.

An eleventh I know,

if needs I must lead

To the fight my long-loved friends;

I sing in the shields,

and in strength they go

Whole to the field of fight,

Whole from the field of fight,

And whole they come thence home.

A twelfth I know,

if high on a tree

I see a hanged man swing;

So do I write

and color the runes

That forth he fares,

And to me talks.

A thirteenth I know,

if a thane full young

With water I sprinkle well;

He shall not fall,

though he fares mid the host,

Nor sink beneath the swords.

A fourteenth I know,

if fain I would name

To men the mighty gods;

All know I well

of the gods and elves,

Few be the fools know this.

A fifteenth I know,

that before the doors

Of Delling sang Thjothrörir the dwarf;

Might he sang for the gods,

and glory for elves,

And wisdom for Hroptatyr wise.

A sixteenth I know,

if I seek delight

To win from a maiden wise;

The mind I turn

of the white-armed maid,

And thus change all her thoughts.

A seventeenth I know,

so that seldom shall go

A maiden young from me;

Long these songs

thou shalt, Loddfafnir,

Seek in vain to sing;

Yet good it were

if thou mightest get them,

Well, if thou wouldst them learn,

Help, if thou hadst them.

An eighteenth I know,

that ne'er will I tell

To maiden or wife of man,

The best is what none

but one's self doth know,

So comes the end of the songs,

Save only to her

in whose arms I lie,

Or who else my sister is.

Now are Hor's words

spoken in the hall,

Kind for the kindred of men,

Cursed for the kindred of giants:

Hail to the speaker,

and to him who learns!

Profit be his who has them!

Hail to them who hearken!